Observations of Radio SNe

Physics

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Scientific paper

The study of radio emission from extragalactic supernovae has resulted inthe detection of a few tens of examples of Type Ib/c and Type II SNe ofvarious sub-classes. No Type Ia supernova has ever been detected in theradio. Approaching 200 SNe of all types and sub-types have been studiedwithout detection over the same interval.Out of this extensive study of the radio emission from supernovae, severalgeneral observations can be made: (1) Type Ia SNe are not radio emitters tothe detection limit of the VLA; (2) Type Ib/c SNe are radio luminous withsteep spectral indices (generally, spectral index < -1) and a fastturn-on/turn-off, usually peaking at 6 cm near or before opticalmaximum; (3) Type II SNe (with various optically determined sub-types) showa range of radio luminosities with flatter spectral indices(generally, spectral index > -1) and a relatively slowturn-on/turn-off, usually peaking at 6 cm significantly after opticalmaximum; and (4) At least some type Ib/c SNe are related to the``soft-slow'' subclass of gamma-ray bursters (GRBs).From the radio data it is possible to classify the properties of supernovaeand to develop and test models for the radio emission which match the lightcurves. Among the results of this work are estimates of the density andstructure of the circumstellar material, the density evolution of thepresupernova stellar wind, and insight into the last stages of stellarevolution before the explosion.

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