Ultrasonic measurements of Vp and Qp: relaxation spectrum of complex modulus on basalt melts

Details Ultrasonic measurements of Vp and Qp: relaxation spectrum of complex modulus on basalt melts Ultrasonic measurements of Vp and Qp: relaxation spectrum of complex modulus on basalt melts

Dec 1985

adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-data_query?bibcode=1985pepi...41...18s&link_type=abstract

Physics of the Earth and Planetary Interiors, Volume 41, Issue 1, p. 18-33.

Physics

22

Scientific paper

Ultrasonic compressional wave velocity Vp and quality factor Qp have been measured in alkali basalt, olivine basalt and basic andesite melts in the frequency range of 3.4-22 MHz and in the temperature range of 1100-1400°C. Velocity and attenuation of the melts depend on frequency and temperature, showing that there are relaxation mechanisms in the melts. Complex moduli are calculated from the ultrasonic data. The results fit well a complex modulus of Arrhenius temperature dependence with log-normal Gaussian distribution in relaxation times of attenuation. The analysis yields average relaxation time, its activation energy, relaxed modulus, unrelaxed modulus and width of Gaussian distribution in relaxation times. Relaxed modulus is smaller (17.5 GPa) for basic andesite melt of high silica and high alumina contents than for the other two basalt melts (18.1-18.4 GPa). The most probable relaxation times decrease from ~ 3 × 10-10 s for basic andesite to ~ 10-11 s for alkali basalt at 1400°C. Activation energies of attenuation, ranging from 270 to 340 kJ mol-1 in the three melts, are highest in basic andesite. Longitudinal viscosity values and their temperature dependences are also calculated from Vp and Qp data. The volume viscosity values are estimated from the data using the shear viscosity values. Longitudinal, volume and shear viscosities and their activation energies are highest in the basic andesite melt of the most polymerized structure.

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