ELF/VLF radio signals caused by ionospheric demodulation of MF/HF radio transmitter signals

Details ELF/VLF radio signals caused by ionospheric demodulation of MF/HF radio transmitter signals ELF/VLF radio signals caused by ionospheric demodulation of MF/HF radio transmitter signals

Oct 1997

adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-data_query?bibcode=1997jastp..59.1991t&link_type=abstract

Journal of Atmospheric and Terrestrial Physics, v. 59, p. 1991-1997.

Physics

1

Scientific paper

A quantitative theory of the generation of ELF/VLF signals, which are caused by the ionospheric demodulation of modulated signals from broadcasting MF/HF transmitters, is developed. Two cases are considered when the ionospheric current, modulated by broadcasting signals, is a one-dimensional linear current (the polar electrojet), and when it is an extended two-dimensional current sheet. It is shown that the main demodulation effect is caused by the formation of an ionospheric travelling wave antenna. In the case of the polar electrojet, this antenna radiates ELF/VLF waves in two directions, one of which coincides with the line connecting the broadcasting transmitter with the ELF/VLF receiver, and the other one is in a direction which is the mirror image of this line relative to the current direction. In this case the polarisation of the ELF/VLF magnetic field component varies widely. In the case of the extended ionospheric current, the demodulation takes place along the line connecting the MF/HF transmitter with the ELF/VLF receiver, and the horizontal ELF/VLF magnetic field component is normal to this line. Amplitude and phase distortions in the ELF/VLF signal are absent below a frequency <<< 1 kHz and appear above ~1 kHz. Quantitative estimates of the amplitude of the ELF/VLF signal give a value ~0.15pT which is close to the experimentally observed value.

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