Physics – Plasma Physics
Scientific paper
Nov 1996
adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-data_query?bibcode=1996aps..dpp4ifa05b&link_type=abstract
American Physical Society, Division of Plasma Physics Meeting, November 10-15, 1996, abstract #4IFA.05
Physics
Plasma Physics
Scientific paper
Is the expansion age of the universe, as indicated by conventional cosmology with estimates of the fundamental parameters H_0, Ω, and Λ, greater than the ages of the oldest stars and elements? One would hope so, but because this cosmic age test appears to be such a tight squeeze, especially with Λ = 0, it is important to be able to accurately measure extragalactic distances and the value of H_0. Supernovae of Type Ia (SNe Ia), thermonuclear disruptions of mass--accreting carbon--oxygen white dwarfs, are the most luminous and the most homogeneous kind of supernova, and at present they arguably are the best indicators of extragalactic distances. Their luminosities and distances can be calibrated empirically by means of Cepheid--variable--based determinations of distances to their parent galaxies, and independently by means of modeling SN Ia light curves and spectra. Supernovae of Types II, Ib, and Ic, gravity--powered explosions that follow the collapse of the highly evolved cores of massive stars, are less luminous and much more individualistic, but they also are promising distance indicators provided that their spectra are modeled in a physically consistent manner. After attempting to provide a quick overview of the above, I will briefly describe the current state of supernova light--curve and spectral modeling. The goal of such work is to accurately model, as a function of time, the photon spectrum that is radiated by a (quasi)spherical plasma that is in rapid differential expansion and that contains strong radial composition gradients. The radiation--transport data requirements are not insubstantial.
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