Large-Scale Heliospheric Magnetic Field and Drift Effects during Forbush Decrease

Physics

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Scientific paper

In this paper we have studied the effects of gradient and curvature drifts during Forbush decrease (FD) phenomena. For this purpose hourly neutron monitor counts, with respect to start time of the classical FDs, have been sub jected to superp osed epoch analysis separately for decreases observed during 1960s, 1970s, 1980s and 1990s. The results are compared with model predictions including drifts. Some drift models predict larger amplitude and faster recovery (smaller recovery time) during A > 0 epoch as compared during A < 0 epoch. Our results regarding the amplitude of FDs, during different polarity states of the heliospheric magnetic field (HMF), do not provide clear experimental evidence about a significant role of gradient and curvature drifts during the main phase of FD. However, the difference in recovery time of FDs during A > 0 and A < 0 polarity conditions provide some evidence that drifts play an important role in cosmic ray modulation. Absence of observational evidence about significant drift effects during main phase is possibly due to the presence of magnetically turbulent region during this phase; such region may not be conductive for the drift effects to be observed.

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