On the role of dust in the summer mesopause

Physics

Scientific paper

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Dust, Ionospheric Electron Density, Mesopause, Radar Scattering, Summer, Ice, Incoherent Scatter Radar, Noctilucent Clouds, Optical Thickness

Scientific paper

It is proposed that dust formed at the cool summer mesopause may have optical properties very different from that measured for bulk material of ice. The smallness of the dust and possible surface impurities may lead to high photoelectric yields and low work functions. For such reasons the dust in the summer mesopause may, at least occasionally, be charged to substantial positive surface potentials while pure ice, with its high photoelectric workfunction, would be charged to low and negative potentials by collisions with plasma particles. The presence of 'dressed' dust particles, with surface potentials of some volts, can lead to enhanced radar backscatter. The dust density which is required by the present model to explain radar backscatter and electron bite-outs is of the order of 10/cu cm for dust of radius above 5 x 10 to the -6th cm.

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