Effect of field-aligned currents and currents at the magnetopause on the structure and location of the polar cusps

Physics

Scientific paper

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Current Distribution, Field Aligned Currents, Geomagnetism, Magnetopause, Polar Cusps, Ring Currents, Electric Fields, Magnetic Disturbances, Solar Wind, Two Dimensional Models

Scientific paper

Simplified two-dimensional models of the magnetopause with a given current distribution are used to investigate the effect of field-aligned currents and currents at the magnetopause on the structure and location of the polar cusps. It is shown that the topology of the force lines of the model magnetic field near the polar cusps has the form not of a cleft but of a funnel; in the cross section the cusp has the form not of a circle but of a figure extended along the geomagnetic parallel, the elongation of this figure increasing with the growth of magnetic disturbance. The electric fields here, as they are projected from the magnetosphere into the ionosphere, increase on the average by 50 to 100 times, i.e., by 20-40 mV/m for average values of solar-wind parameters.

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