The emergence of different polarity photospheric flux as the cause of CMEs and interplanetary shocks

Physics

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Particle Emission, Solar Wind, Photosphere, Electric And Magnetic Fields, Solar Magnetism, Solar Wind Plasma, Sources Of Solar Wind

Scientific paper

The effect on the coronal magnetic structures of the emergence of new photospheric flux with a polarity opposite to that previously established in the region is discussed. It is shown that, when this happens at one side of a coronal helmet, the flux emergence may lead to the disconnection of the helmet's closed field lines and to the subsequent release of its material into the interplanetary medium. That will be observed as a coronal mass ejection (CME) of the curved-front or loop type. If the helmet is beside a coronal hole, this process will also lead to the enlargement of the hole and to a sudden increase in the velocity of the solar wind from it. If the change in the wind velocity from the hole is sufficiently large, an interplanetary shock will form. The observational consequences of the scenario described above are contrasted against observations and a good qualitative agreement is found.

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