Feedback of kinetic energy into the IGM by supermassive black holes

Physics

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Scientific paper

Our recent Chandra and XMM-Newton observations of two high redshift broad absorption line (BAL) quasars have revealed the presence of massive outflows of highly ionized, high-metallicity material driven from near the black hole (a few gravitational radii) with velocities of up to 0.4c. The inferred mass outflow rates of 1-10 M&sun; yr-1 and the measured outflow velocities, that significantly exceed the escape velocities of galaxies and clusters of galaxies, imply that quasar winds provide an important feedback mechanism for kinetic energy injection into the IGM. These quasar outflows may also play an important role in the coevolution of black holes and their host galaxies. We present new constraints on the location of the X-ray BAL material based on our analysis of the variability of the ionization properties of the X-ray absorbers. The location and ionization properties of the X-ray BAL material are crucial in inferring the mass outflow rate and rate of kinetic energy injected into the IGM.

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