Physics
Scientific paper
Sep 1977
adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-data_query?bibcode=1977natur.269...42w&link_type=abstract
Nature, vol. 269, Sept. 1, 1977, p. 42-44.
Physics
18
Deuterium, Neutrinos, Nuclear Fusion, Nuclear Transformations, Stellar Envelopes, Stellar Radiation, Abundance, Antineutrinos, Neutron Flux Density, Supernovae
Scientific paper
A model has been suggested wherein the neutrino flux from a collapsing stellar core might induce nuclear transformations in the mantle and envelope of the surrounding presupernova star, and such weak interactions might be responsible for producing p-process nuclei. A weakness in this model as a mechanism for p-process nucleosynthesis is pointed out which involves the rapid photodisintegration of all heavy seed nuclei in the stellar region of interest. An alternative mechanism for deuterium synthesis is proposed which may have been operative during an early generation of supermassive stars and which entails production of a neutron flux by antineutrinos in the hydrogen envelope surrounding a strong antineutrino source as well as the subsequent capture of the neutrons by protons. It is shown that this mechanism is probably not viable in supernovae, but might operate during the explosion of a 100-million-solar-mass star or the formation of a 1-million-solar-mass black hole. It is concluded that the present-day abundance of deuterium could be understood if even a small fraction of all the hydrogen in a galaxy were processed in this manner.
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