Periodic Dipolarizations in the Near-Earth Magnetotail Observed by Cluster

Physics

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2744 Magnetotail, 2764 Plasma Sheet, 2784 Solar Wind/Magnetosphere Interactions, 2788 Magnetic Storms And Substorms (7954), 2790 Substorms

Scientific paper

Large-scale, periodic oscillations are frequently observed in the Earth's magnetosphere. In this study we will present observations of periodic dipolarizations in the near-Earth magnetotail by the Cluster spacecraft. The average dipolarization period is 2 - 3 hours, which is much longer than the periods of ULF waves. These dipolarizations are distinguished from the fast (< ~10 minutes) dipolarizations usually observed with fast earthward flows. Ion observations show that there is no clear flow activity associated with the dipolarizations, except for some intermittent bursty bulk flows and significant density drops. Examination of the relationship of the dipolarizations with the solar wind variations shows that out of 18 periodic dipolarizations selected from 2001 to 2005, ten events occurred during fast solar wind Vsw > ~700 km/s). No event shows a clear relationship with the variations of the interplanetary magnetic field. The periodic dipolarizations have been observed through the entire tail crossings from northern to southern lobes and can last over 24 hours. Also, the dipolarizations are simultaneously observed by all four Cluster spacecraft even when the spacecraft are separated more than 1 RE, indicating the dipolarizations are large-scale and possibly occur over the entire near-Earth magnetotail. There exists a close relationship between the periodic dipolarizations and periodic geomagnetic activities though no flow activities are observed in the magnetotail in association with the dipolarizations. We will discuss the dynamics of the near-Earth magnetotail during the periodic dipolarizations and its role in the periodic geomagnetic activities.

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