The Acceleration of the Universe:. Measurements of Cosmological Parameters from Type Ia Supernovae

Details The Acceleration of the Universe:. Measurements of Cosmological Parameters from Type Ia Supernovae The Acceleration of the Universe:. Measurements of Cosmological Parameters from Type Ia Supernovae

Mar 2001

adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-data_query?bibcode=2001ppu..conf...47g&link_type=abstract

PARTICLE PHYSICS AND THE UNIVERSE. Proceedings of Nobel Symposium 109. Held 20-25 August 1998 in Haga Slott, Enköping, Sweden. E

Physics

Cosmology

Scientific paper

The fate of the Universe, infinite expansion or a "big crunch", can be determined by measuring the redshifts and brightness of very distant supernovae. These provide a record of changes in the expansion rate of the Universe over the past several billion years. The mass density, ΩM, and cosmological-constant energy density, ΩΛ, are measured from a data-set consisting of 42 high-redshift Type Ia supernovae discovered by the Supernova Cosmology Project. The magnitude-redshift data for these supernovae, at redshifts between 0.18 and 0.83, are fit jointly with a set of supernovae from the Calán/Tololo Supernova Survey, at redshifts below 0.1, to yield values for the cosmological parameters. We find Ω M flat = 0.28-0.08+0.09 (1σ \ statistical)-0.04+0.05 (identified systematics). The data are strongly inconsistent with a Λ = 0 flat cosmology, the simplest inflationary universe model. An open, Λ = 0 cosmology also does not fit the data well: the data indicate that the cosmological constant is non-zero and positive, with a confidence of P(Λ > 0) = 99%, including the identified systematic uncertainties. Thus, the Universe is found to be accelerating, i.e., q0 = ΩM/2 - ΩΛ < 0. The best-fit age of the universe relative to the Hubble time is t0 flat = 14.9-1.1+1.4 (0.63/h)\ Gyr for a flat cosmology.

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