Where do charged particles enter in and exit from the magnetosphere - Some HEOS-2 measurements

Physics

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Charged Particles, Earth Magnetosphere, Heos Satellites, Solar Protons, Corpuscular Radiation, Geomagnetic Tail, High Energy Electrons, Magnetopause, Magnetospheric Proton Density, Neutron Counters, Relativistic Particles, Satellite Observation

Scientific paper

The orbit of HEOS-2 through the northern polar magnetosphere was such that it was possible to monitor the motion of solar protons at the polar magnetopause and across the geomagnetic tail. The large-particle intensity was found to increase as the magnetopause was approached. The inner magnetosphere appears to be partially shielded by the magnetopause from solar particles. The characteristics of an essentially permanent layer of energetic and relativistic electrons were also monitored by HEOS-2. This layer was detected in about 90% of the orbits over a period of 25 months. It was located at or around the magnetopause. The electron intensity in the magnetopause spike seems to fall off with distance along the tail away from the earth. This is consistent with the idea that the electrons originate near the earth.

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