Night-time enhancements in TEC at equatorial anomaly latitudes

Physics

Scientific paper

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Electron Density (Concentration), Equatorial Regions, Latitude, Night Sky, Periodic Variations, Solar Cycles, Geomagnetism, Longitude, Solar Activity, Solar Terrestrial Interactions

Scientific paper

The seasonal and solar activity variations of night-time total electron content (TEC) enhancements and their latitudinal and longitudinal dependencies in the northern equatorial anomaly region (11-23 deg geomagnetic latitude) are studied by using data from three eastern longitude stations and one western longitude station. Two kinds of enhancement are observed: a postsunset enhancement which occurs most frequently in autumn and a postmidnight enhancement which occurs most frequently in summer. The enhancements, especially the postmidnight enhancements, are more frequent and stronger at the eastern longitude stations than at the western longitude station. The enhancements are weak and least frequent at 23 deg geomagnetic latitude; the seasonal dependence of the postsunset enhancements at this latitude is different from that at lower latitudes confirming that the effect of the prereversal enhancement of the equatorial fountain, which produces the postsunset enhancements in TEC in the equatorial anomaly region, rarely reaches this latitude even under very high levels of solar activity.

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