Stellar Populations at the South Galactic Pole

Astronomy and Astrophysics – Astronomy

Scientific paper

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Galaxy: Stellar Content, Stars: Fundamental Parameters

Scientific paper

Four-color, (R, I), Hβ, and DDO photometry for some 500 stars with known proper motion and within 10° of the South Galactic Pole is analyzed for reddening, luminosity, metal abundance, and space motion. The sample contains 275, mostly evolved, UK stars and 225 near main sequence, AF stars. The stars are divided into young disk and old disk population objects on the basis of their motion vectors and this also separates them into stars younger and older than 2 × 109 yr, on the basis of models with convective overshoot at the cores. The critical mass separating the two populations is 1.7 Msun, which is also the critical mass separating the stars that develop degenerate helium cores and evolve to a giant luminosity that is an order of magnitude greater than the main sequence turnoff, and the more massive stars that do not form degenerate cores and maintain, as giants, their mean sequence luminosity. The dispersions in the W velocity, for the OD samples of AF and UK stars, with the addition of small samples of AGB stars and high latitude A stars (presumable OD, BS) at the SUP, define the relation ωW=9.5+0.025|Z|(pc). The stars discussed here do not, generally, follow the pattern of decreasing metallicity with increasing Z, found by others for unevolved UK stars. The BS population at the NGP consists of 20% of the OD, AF stars, whereas it is only 4% at the SUP and this result may be associated with the fact that the OD/YD ratio is near 1.5 for most reliable samples, whereas it is only about 0.5 for the AF stars at the NGP.

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