Investigation by ray-tracing of the effect of a summer-winter asymmetry on whistler ducting

Physics

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Earth Magnetosphere, Ray Tracing, Wave Propagation, Whistlers, Annual Variations, Electron Density (Concentration), Helium Ions, Oxygen Ions, Refractivity, Very Low Frequencies

Scientific paper

A ray-tracing model of the inner magnetosphere is constructed for a plasma distribution that is asymmetric about the equatorial plane and represents summer and winter conditions in the two hemispheres. In the model, the oxygen ion concentration and electron density at the reference height of 900 km are different in the two hemispheres, the H and He ion concentrations at the reference height ensure electron-density continuity across the equatorial plane, and the duct termination height differs in the two hemispheres in accordance with numerical simulations. It is shown that: (1) the plasma asymmetry affects the paths of ducted rays and, thus, the likelihood of one-hop whistler reception in the conjugate hemisphere and (2) the difference in duct termination height generally has a greater effect than the plasma asymmetry. It is concluded that both the plasma asymmetry and the termination-height difference may play a role in the seasonal variation of whistler occurrence.

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