Exploring the Heliosheath

Physics

Scientific paper

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2104 Cosmic Rays, 2114 Energetic Particles (7514), 2124 Heliopause And Solar Wind Termination, 2126 Heliosphere/Interstellar Medium Interactions, 2134 Interplanetary Magnetic Fields

Scientific paper

Voyager 1, now ~10 AU downwind of the termination shock, has revealed many new aspects of the heliosheath. The radial wind speed is unexpectedly slow and variable and the magnetic field has a significant latitudinal component, indicating complex flows in the heliosheath. Properties of the termination shock particle energy spectrum in the heliosheath have resulted in new suggestions about the acceleration of low energy ions and the injection threshold for diffusive shock acceleration. The intensity of anomalous cosmic rays is much higher downwind of the shock at Voyager 1 than just upwind at Voyager 2, leading to new insights into their source and their modulation in the heliosheath. Voyager 2 began observing upstream termination shock particles ~9 AU closer to the Sun than at Voyager 1, consistent with a significant north/south asymmetry in the distance to the termination shock and in the thickness of the heliosheath. This suggests that Voyager 2 will likely cross the shock in the next two years, joining Voyager 1 in exploring the heliosheath.

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