Is inflation compatible with string-induced galaxy formation?

Details Is inflation compatible with string-induced galaxy formation? Is inflation compatible with string-induced galaxy formation?

Feb 1987

adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-data_query?bibcode=1987phlb..185...34p&link_type=abstract

Physics Letters B, Volume 185, Issue 1-2, p. 34-38.

Physics

17

Scientific paper

If the formation of galaxies is due to strings produced during a phase transition in the early universe, then the temperature of that phase transition is Tc>~3×10-3mp~4×1016GeV, where mp is the Planck mass. If there is also a preceding period of inflation with H˙/H2<=0, then it ceases at a value of te Hubble parameter which is constrained by He/mp <~ 6 × 10-5, which permits reheating of the universr to a temperature, Tr~×10-3ηmp, where η is the efficiency of reheating. Unless the ``inflation'' field φ is strongly coupled to matter, it turns out that η>>1, which implies that Tr>>Tc, and hence that string-induced galaxy formation cannot succeed exponential or sub-exponential inflation. But if the inflation is superexponential, with H˙/H2>0, then the constraint upon He is weakened and it is possible to have both η>>1 and Tr>~Tc, thus permitting the subsequent production of strings. This idea can be realized in the higher-dimensional theory of Shafi and Wetterich, which includes higher-derivative terms R̂2 and a cosmological constant Λ̂. If R̂2 is proportional to the Euler-number density, as may be necessary for the theory to be free of ghosts, then no increase in Tr is possible. But a different, fine-tuned choice of parameters can cause an increase in Tr by a large factor.
The author would like to thank Professor Q. Shafi for several discussion, Dr. K. Maeda for a discussion and Dr. N. Turok for drawing his attention to the difficulty considered in this paper. He would also like to thank Professor Abdus Salam, the International Atomic Energy Agency and UNESCO for hospitality at the International Centre for Theoretical Physics, Trieste.

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