Full-wave analysis of elves created by lightning-generated electromagnetic pulses

Details Full-wave analysis of elves created by lightning-generated electromagnetic pulses Full-wave analysis of elves created by lightning-generated electromagnetic pulses

Mar 2003

adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-data_query?bibcode=2003jastp..65..615n&link_type=abstract

Journal of Atmospheric and Solar-Terrestrial Physics, Volume 65, Issue 5, p. 615-625.

Physics

12

Scientific paper

In order to investigate detailed space and time evolution of elves, the expanding optical rings created 85-95km above lightning flashes, in this study we compute rigorously propagation in a magnetized ionosphere of electromagnetic pulses (EMP) radiated by lightning current strokes, by using a full-wave analysis. We then evaluate the modification in electron density and collision frequency of the ionosphere by the intense electric field of the EM pulses, to compute time and spatial evolution of the optical emissions to be created through excitation of the first positive band of N2. Although the full-wave analysis cannot treat the temporal change of ionospheric parameters, we approximately incorporate such an effect into the calculation by modifying the up-going EMP in the ionosphere. Computed results show that an optical ring is created at the altitudes of 85-100km above the lightning, quickly expanding horizontally over 200km within <1ms. Such a feature is consistent with the actual observations of elves. Because the EMP possibly propagate in the whistler mode above 90km, there appears appreciable north-south and east-west asymmetry in the elves ring structures.

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