The nuclear composition of energetic solar particles - A new source of information about solar flares

Computer Science

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Isotope Effect, Nuclear Chemistry, Solar Corpuscular Radiation, Solar Flares, Alpha Particles, Chromosphere, High Energy Electrons, Nuclear Particles, Particle Acceleration, Solar Electrons, Solar Protons

Scientific paper

Experimental data are reviewed in regard to the chemical and isotopic composition of solar protons, electrons, and alpha particles to obtain information about solar flares and the conditions under which acceleration of particles originates on the sun. Experiments and their results are described, including measurements of the solar abundance of various elements in relation to oxygen and the relative content of hydrogen and helium isotopes in solar particles. On the basis of these data, it is concluded that the chemical and isotopic composition varies from flare to flare, heavy-element enrichment increases with an increase in charge and a decrease in energy, a high degree of nuclear ionization occurs at low energies, and the high content of H and He isotopes indicates that they originate in nuclear reactions which generate the energetic solar particles during solar flares.

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