Effect of mineral phase transitions on sedimentary basin subsidence and uplift

Details Effect of mineral phase transitions on sedimentary basin subsidence and uplift Effect of mineral phase transitions on sedimentary basin subsidence and uplift

Apr 2005

adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-data_query?bibcode=2005e%26psl.233..213k&link_type=abstract

Earth and Planetary Science Letters, Volume 233, Issue 1-2, p. 213-228.

Computer Science

6

Scientific paper

Metamorphic phase transitions influence rock density, which is a major parameter affecting lithosphere dynamics and basin subsidence. To assess the importance of these effects, we have computed realistic density models for a range of crustal and mantle mineralogies from thermodynamic data by free-energy minimization. These density distributions are incorporated into one- and two-dimensional kinematic models of basin subsidence. The results demonstrate that, compared to models in which density is solely temperature dependent, phase transitions have the effect of increasing post-rift subsidence while decreasing syn-rift subsidence. Discrepancies between our model results and those obtained with the conventional uniform stretching models can be up to 95% for reasonable parameter choices. The models also predict up to 1 km of syn-rift uplift as a consequence of phase transitions. Mantle phase transitions, in particular the spinel garnet plagioclase lherzolite transitions are responsible for the most significant effects on subsidence. Differences in mantle composition are shown to be a second-order effect. Parameterized density models are derived for crustal and mantle rocks, which reproduce the main effects of the phase transitions on subsidence.

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