Observations of water vapour anomaly above Tharsis volcanoes on Mars in the ISM (Phobos-2) experiment

Details Observations of water vapour anomaly above Tharsis volcanoes on Mars in the ISM (Phobos-2) experiment Observations of water vapour anomaly above Tharsis volcanoes on Mars in the ISM (Phobos-2) experiment

Nov 1994

adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-data_query?bibcode=1994p%26ss...42.1001t&link_type=abstract

Planetary and Space Science (ISSN 0032-0633), vol. 42, no. 11, p. 1001-1010

Astronomy and Astrophysics

Astronomy

17

Infrared Astronomy, Infrared Spectra, Mars (Planet), Mars Atmosphere, Mars Surface, Mars Volcanoes, Water Vapor, Carbon Dioxide, Carbon Monoxide, Infrared Spectrometers, Regolith, Soviet Spacecraft, Viking Orbiter Spacecraft

Scientific paper

Observations of Mars with the infrared imaging spectrometer (ISM) on board the Phobos-2 spacecraft provided more than 40,000 spectra in the wavelength range 0.7 - 3.2 micrometers with a spatial resolution of about 20 km. These spectra bear features of both atmospheric and surface origin. Measurements in the water vapor bands near 1.9 and 2.6 micrometers along the flanks of hugh Martian volcanoes provided the data on the H2O spatial variations above them. The retrieved mixing ratio was about 200 ppm above the volcanoes, which was about a factor of five higher than that found above the surrounding terrains. The origin of the observed water vapor anomaly is likely to be connected to the volcanoes and could be explained by the regolith-atmosphere water vapor exchange. On the basis of a new theoretical approach to the process of diffusion of adsorbed water from the regolith to the atmosphere, a model of the observed anomaly was proposed. It implies an intensive vapor desorption during the day hours from the volcanic regolith, which was assumed to be different in composition from that of surrounding highlands.

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