The low-temperature photonuclear nucleosynthesis of the bypassed /p-/ nuclei in degenerate hydrogen burning zones and its relationship to nova outbursts

Astronomy and Astrophysics – Astrophysics

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Heavy Nuclei, Hydrogen, Nuclear Fusion, Photonuclear Reactions, White Dwarf Stars, Abundance, Degenerate Matter, Interstellar Matter, Low Temperature, Stellar Envelopes, Stellar Mass, Stellar Mass Accretion

Scientific paper

The possibility is investigated that canonical p-nuclei (bypassed nuclei) may have been at least partially synthesized within electron-degenerate hydrogen-burning zones by means of low-temperature photonuclear reactions triggered by photons released through proton capture by tritium. By considering the operation of the reaction He-3 (e/-/) T (p, gamma) He-4 as the closing sequence for the p-p cycle in a degenerate-electron gas, it is shown that almost all the p-nuclei can be synthesized, resulting in the production of approximately the correct elemental abundance ratios, and that a correct relative isotopic abundance ratio between isotopes of the double p-nuclei is obtained. The astrophysical site for the manufacture of p-nuclei is suggested to be the envelopes of matter-accreting white dwarfs. It is proposed that low accretion rates are sufficient over a period of a billion years to synthesize a variety of p-nuclei within a zone located beneath an accreted envelope where hydrogen burning takes place under degenerate conditions and that this phase is followed by a higher accretion rate over a shorter time period, leading to a nova outburst and ejection of matter into the interstellar medium.

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