How large were the first pregalactic objects?

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Density Distribution, Galactic Evolution, Galactic Structure, Mass Distribution, Astronomical Models, Baryons, Cosmology, Fluctuation Theory, Isothermal Processes, Neutrinos, Universe

Scientific paper

If the amplitude of the fluctuations at decoupling decreases with increasing mass, the first systems to bind could be much smaller than galaxies. Their characteristic mass M(min) is presently calculated. In a hot baryon-dominated universe with isothermal fluctuations, M(min) would be 10,000 to one million solar masses. In a neutrino-dominated universe, the formation of such objects would be inhibited; on the other hand, in a universe dominated by 'cold' nonbaryonic matter (e.g. primordial black holes or axions), gas clouds of less than about one million solar masses could be the first astrophysically interesting objects to condense out, even if the initial conditions were purely adiabatic. In a tepid universe with a primordial photon-to-baryon ratio S below the 'hot' value of about one billion, subgalactic systems could form from purely adiabatic initial conditions if S was less than 100,000. Even smaller pregalactic objects, such as primordial black holes, might form spontaneously at some sort of cosmological phase transition. Statistical fluctuations associated with these could be large enough to produce the M(min) objects.

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