The Chemical Composition of the Small Magellanic Cloud from Infrared Spectroscopy of Red-Giant Stars

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High-resolution infrared spectroscopy will be conducted on a sample of Small Magellanic Cloud (SMC) red giants with Gemini South plus Phoenix. Abundances of carbon, nitrogen, oxygen, fluorine, sodium, scandium, titanium, iron, and nickel can be derived accurately from these types of stars using a combination of atomic lines and vibration- rotation molecular lines from CO, OH, CN, and HF. This analysis will provide some of the highest-quality abundances yet obtained for the SMC and will be used to characterize the current abundance distribution in this extragalactic system in comparison to that of the Milky Way. With the large primary aperture of Gemini South, and the relatively large brightness of red giants in the infrared, lower luminosity stars can be studied in comparison to previous SMC abundance studies. At lower luminosities the combination of greater photospheric densities and pressures (from larger surface gravities) results in simpler spectra and more reliable model atmospheres: these factors lead directly to more accurate abundances. Strategic abundance ratios, such as O/Fe or Ti/Fe, constrain the history of star formation and chemical enrichment in a stellar population.

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