Can collapsed stars close the Universe

Details Can collapsed stars close the Universe Can collapsed stars close the Universe

Sep 1975

adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-data_query?bibcode=1975apj...200..527t&link_type=abstract

Astrophysical Journal, vol. 200, Sept. 15, 1975, pt. 1, p. 527-534. Research supported by the Alfred P. Sloan Foundation.

Astronomy and Astrophysics

Astronomy

15

Astronomical Models, Black Holes (Astronomy), Cosmology, Density Distribution, Range (Extremes), Star Distribution, Stellar Evolution

Scientific paper

The question is considered of whether black holes and other collapsed objects can contribute enough mass to close the Universe (i.e., bring the density of the Universe up to the critical density). If black holes are the collapsed remnants of an early generation of massive stars, current observations of the nightsky brightness may be used to place an upper limit on the mass contributed by such objects. It is shown that the density contributed by collapsed objects must be less than 0.01 of the critical density unless the stars formed before an epoch of 10 billion yr (z greater than 5). Even more stringent limits may be set for many of the stellar models considered.

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