The Faraday rotation experiment of the HELIOS mission

Astronomy and Astrophysics – Astronomy

Scientific paper

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Faraday Effect, Helios 1, Helios 2, Solar Corona, Interplanetary Magnetic Fields, Magnetohydrodynamic Waves, Solar Eclipses, Stellar Mass Ejection, Wave Propagation

Scientific paper

The Faraday rotation of the linearly polarized carrier signal of the Helios spacecraft was monitored during solar occultations. Variations can be divided into three groups according to their characteristic times: a slowly varying rise or fall due to the quiescent corona, fluctuations of the Faraday rotation about a running mean that tends to intensify at smaller solar distances, and occasional discontinuities in the data that may be associated with the coronal transients seen in white light. This data set, which extends from solar minimum to solar maximum, is consistent with the long time scale variations in the brightness of the inner corona and the polarity of the interplanetary magnetic field. The short time scale phenomena provide first evidence for Alfven wave propagation in the corona and for massive disturbance of the magnetic field in a coronal mass ejection event.

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