Accurate angular diameters and effective temperatures for eleven giants cooler than K0 by Michelson interferometry

Astronomy and Astrophysics – Astrophysics

Scientific paper

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Diameters, Giant Stars, Late Stars, Michelson Interferometers, Stellar Temperature, Infrared Interferometers, K Stars, M Stars, Stellar Atmospheres, Stellar Color, Stellar Spectrophotometry

Scientific paper

Accurate angular diameters of cool bright giants have been measured at 2.2 μm by the I2T interferometer, operating at the CERGA observatory. The derived effective temperatures, with an average internal accuracy of ±61 K have been adopted as a high-quality reference sample to improve both the empirical effective temperature scale for K-M giants and the semiempirical estimations of T eff. In the colour diagrams, the new calibration shows evidence of a fine structure, arising in the transition from K to M spectral-type, with fairly different behaviours for the two branches. It is strengthened that the K-scale does not require to be revised, being in excellent agreement with results from model atmospheres. The M-scale should be lowered towards the color temperature, approaching the M0 spectral-type; this appears quite consistent with a recent theoretical investigation. The semiempirical methods by the flux distribution and the near-infrared flux have been checked by a multi-object analysis. Both of them are found to be affected by a small systematic bias. By compensating for this effect, most of the estimated values of Teff become consistent to each other and with the measured one, within a maximum error of ±50 K.

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