Magnetic energy and helicity in the emerging active regions measured with HMI vector magnetograms

Astronomy and Astrophysics – Astrophysics

Scientific paper

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[7524] Solar Physics, Astrophysics, And Astronomy / Magnetic Fields, [7529] Solar Physics, Astrophysics, And Astronomy / Photosphere

Scientific paper

The magnetic energy and helicity in emerging active regions are calculated using the HMI vector magnetic field data and DAVE4VM (Schuck 2008) technique. The active regions studied in the paper, from simple to complex, are AR11072, AR11117 and AR11158. It is found that (1) in two active regions the sign of the helicity is opposite to the hemisphere rule; (2) the helicity in the corona is predominantly contributed by the surface flows; (3) comparing with the emergence of magnetic flux, the helicity flux across the photosphere shows a slight delay in phase; (4) the energy and helicity fluxes from surface flows are significant during emergence of magnetic flux, and become much smaller after the emergence stops, while the energy flux from vertical flows is still significant. A discussion is also placed here.

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