Other
Scientific paper
Jan 1994
adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-data_query?bibcode=1994e%26psl.121..125s&link_type=abstract
Earth and Planetary Science Letters (ISSN 0012-821X), vol. 121, no. 1-2, p. 125-136
Other
11
Africa, African Rift System, Earth Crust, Earthquakes, Seismology, Depth, P Waves
Scientific paper
We have determined the focal mechanisms and depths of major earthquakes (m(sub b) greater than or = 5.5) that occurred in East Africa during July 1978 to December 1987, comparing the synthetic P-waveforms with those observed by the World Wide Standardized Seismic Network (WWSSN). We were able to determine accurate focal depths for five events. With the exception of one event, all events occurred in the depth range 5 - 13 km, i.e., in the upper crust. One event had a depth of 22 km and occurred in the lower crust. Including events previously studied, we examined m(sub b)-M(sub w) relations, and found no difference between the lower and upper crustal events. There seems to be no difference in rupture characteristics between them. The lower crustal events in East Africa may have occurred in the brittle regime for a geotherm having a plausible range and a high pore pressure. For earthquakes to occur in the lower crust, intermediate heat flow, high pore pressure and high strain rate would be necessary.
Saito Akira
Seno Tetsuzo
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