Ripples in disk galaxies

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Disk Galaxies, Galactic Evolution, Galactic Mass, Galactic Structure, Seyfert Galaxies, Elliptical Galaxies, Morphology, Virgo Galactic Cluster

Scientific paper

The authors present evidence that ripples ("shells") occur not only in ellipticals, as hitherto believed, but also in disk galaxies of Hubble types S0, S0/Sa, and Sa, and probably even in the Sbc galaxy NGC 3310. This evidence includes the discovery of ripples in the northern disk galaxies NGC 3032, 3619, 4382, 5548 (a Seyfert), and 5739, and in the "diskless S0" NGC 7600. It is argued that these ripples cannot usually have resulted form transient spiral waves or other forced vibrations in the existing disks, but instead consist of extraneous sheet-like matter. The frequent presence of major disk-shaped companions suggests that ripple material may be acquired not only through wholesale mergers, but also through mass transfer from neighbor galaxies.

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