Anisotropies in the low altitude radiation environment

Statistics – Computation

Scientific paper

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Anisotropy, Extraterrestrial Radiation, Magnetic Mirrors, Mathematical Models, Mirror Point, Radiation Belts, Radiation Effects, Earth Magnetosphere, Lorentz Force, Magnetic Fields, Proton Flux Density, Protons

Scientific paper

Anisotropies in the low altitude natural space radiation environment arise from atmospheric absorption of particles and the mechanism that traps particles in the Earth's magnetic field. The particles trapped in the Earth's 'Van Allen' radiation belts reach low altitudes and a denser atmosphere over the South Atlantic. Protons travelling westward in this region will spiral down around the magnetic field line through a thicker atmosphere, increasing the probability of their absorption and causing an anisotropy in the proton flux distribution. In addition, the particles, being near their mirror points, are travelling in helixes with a small pitch angle. This results in a flattening of the proton flux distribution to a plane perpendicular to the magnetic field line. This paper briefly reviews the phenomena and the computational methods available for analysis.

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