Mathematics – Logic
Scientific paper
Apr 2003
adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-data_query?bibcode=2003eaeja.....8516b&link_type=abstract
EGS - AGU - EUG Joint Assembly, Abstracts from the meeting held in Nice, France, 6 - 11 April 2003, abstract #8516
Mathematics
Logic
1
Scientific paper
In the last 20 years, imaging spectrometry in the visible and infrared onboard spacecraft has become an essential technique to study surfaces of planetary objects, prior and in addition to in-situ investigations. Remote sensing experiments analysing the sunlight reflected or emitted by planetary surfaces can be used to derive the mineralogical composition and physical properties of the natural surfaces observed. This technique was successfully used on many probes and will be improved as a main contribution of future missions to study several Solar System objects as Mercury (BEPI-COLOMBO), Venus (VENUS-EXPRESS), the Moon (SMART-1), Mars (MARS-EXPRESS, MRO...), Asteroids (ROSETTA, DAWN...), giant planet satellites (GALILEO, CASSINI) and comets (ROSETTA), increasing our knowledge of the formation and evolution of each object and leading to constrain the Solar System own ones. Nevertheless, the detection of diagnostic features in the spectrum acquired in order to identify mineral species needs the support of spectral database made with earth natural samples. Furthermore, the reflectance spectrum deconvolution to mineral abundance in an unambiguous way is difficult because the spectra can be complex non-linear functions of grain size, abundance, material opacity, and type of mixtures (intra, intimate, area mixtures). Ground support laboratory measurements are thus essential to interpret the spectra in terms of main chemical composition and improve the radiative transfer in particulate media modelling to deduce relative abundances. As part as some past and future instruments and being greatly concerned by the scientific background of surface geology topic, the IAS laboratory in Orsay develops a facility to achieve these goals. It consists of a Brücker IFS66V FTIR spectrometer combined with two Graseby toolkits that permit to measure reflectance of mineral samples (solid or powder). The first one is mounted in a fix biconical configuration, whereas the second one is a bi-directional configuration with variable incident and emergent angles ranging from 10 to 80°. The samples are selected, provided and prepared by the laboratoire de pétrologie which expertise is greatly needed to interpret the instruments data reduction in terms of geological history and geophysical mechanisms. Further investigations can be made with microprobe, X-ray diffraction or SEM coupled to EDS facilities present on the campus. We present first results on natural slabs of basalt polished with different abrasive powders compared to mechanically crushed powders separated into different particle size ranges of the same material and diffusion properties of natural aerial and fluvial eroded sands. We discuss the implication on reflectance spectra analysis and further investigations to be made.
Bardintzeff J.-M.
Bibring Jean-Pierre
Bonello Guillaume
d'Hendecourt Louis
Erard Stephane
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