External and internal magnetic fields at Mars: New results and upcoming missions

Computer Science

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Scientific paper

Separation of internal and external magnetic field sources from MGS satellite data alone could be improved using magnetic proxies. We discuss two approaches. The solar wind monitoring observations from ACE (Vennerstrom et al, 2002) can be extrapolated to Mars and can be compared with MGS observations over the northern hemisphere at times when ACE and Mars are both on the same Parker spiral field line. It is also possible to directly compare magnetic conditions at Earth with those at Mars when both are on the same field line. Magnetic measurements onboard orbiters may allow achieving separation between internal and external sources. In addition to the already mentioned global variations, time-varying magnetospheric fields are probably also associated with the spatially-restricted mini-magnetospheres, especially in the Cimmeria region in the south; such a separation would for sure help in understanding the dynamics of these structures. The highest frequency signals are likely to be associated with spherics (Grimm, 2002), perhaps associated with dust storms. There are several time-varying magnetic fields, which could be used as probes of the Martian subsurface from magnetic measurements onboard orbiters. Olsen (2002, and in preparation) and Tarits (personal communication) have shown evidence for global ionospheric fields, some of which most certainly vary on a daily basis. Finally, external field variations over the course of a solar cycle would allow probing into the Martian lower mantle. A pre-requisite for the recognition of such signals would be a mission in the latter part of the decade. We hope that the MagNet experiment on NetLander, in conjunction with a simultaneously recording orbital magnetometer (as it was proposed in MEMOIRE project), will give us a means of separating temporal and spatial variations of the magnetic field.

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