Astronomy and Astrophysics – Astrophysics
Scientific paper
Apr 2002
adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-data_query?bibcode=2002chee.conf..284m&link_type=abstract
CURRENT HIGH-ENERGY EMISSION AROUND BLACK HOLES . Proceedings of the 2nd KIAS Astrophysics Workshop. Held 3-8 September 2001 in
Astronomy and Astrophysics
Astrophysics
Scientific paper
We discuss the characteristics of nucleosynthesis in 'Hypernovae', i.e., supernovae with very large explosion energies (≳ 1052 ergs) both in 1D (spherical explosions) and 2D (aspherical explosions). The hypernova yields compared to those of ordinary core-collapse supernovae show the following characteristics: 1) Complete Si-burning takes place in more extended regions, so that the mass ratio between the complete and incomplete Si burning regions is generally larger in hypernovae than normal supernovae. 2) Si-burning takes place in lower density regions, so that the effects of α-rich freezeout is enhanced. Thus 44Ca, 48Ti, and 64Zn are produced more abundantly than in normal supernovae. 3) Oxygen burning also takes place in more extended regions for the larger explosion energy. Then a larger amount of Si, S, Ar, and Ca ("Si") are synthesized, which makes the "Si"/O ratio larger. Aspherical explosions lead to a strong α-rich freezeout, thus enhancing the abundance ratios [44Ca, 48Ti, and 64Zn / Fe] in the ejecta as well as the aspherical element distribution in the ejecta. We examine the nature of hypernovae by comparing the above characteristic with observations. We suggest that hypernova explosions are intrinsically aspherical events (which comes from the modeling of the late time spectra of SN1998bw), that such explosions are related with black hole formations (from the modeling of the black hole binary Nova Sco), and that hypernovae have made important contribution to the early Galactic (and Cosmic) chemical evolution.
Maeda Kei--ichi
Mazzali Paolo A.
Nakamura Takayoshi
Nomoto Ken'ichi
Umeda Hideyuki
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