IRAS sources beyond the solar circle. VI. Analysis of the FIR, H_2_O, and CO emission.

Astronomy and Astrophysics – Astrophysics

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Masers, Stars: Pre-Main Sequence, Ism: Molecules, Infrared: Ism: Continuum, Radio Lines: Ism

Scientific paper

For a sample of 1357 IRAS sources with FIR colours of young stellar objects we have compared the occurrence and properties of H_2_O maser- and ^12^CO(1-0) emission with the observed and derived IRAS parameters. We find that the distribution of differences between the CO and H_2_O velocities is a Gaussian with a FWHM of about 11km/s. The mean velocity difference is nearly zero. The velocity of the peak H_2_O emission is not at a preferred location within the velocity interval where emission is detected. The H_2_O maser detection rate increases with both the FIR luminosity and the ^12^CO(1-0) line width: below log(L_FIR_/Lsun_)=3.5, less than 10% of the sources show maser emission, whereas H_2_O is detected towards almost all of the sources above log(L_FIR_/Lsun_)=4.5. For the sources with H_2_O maser emission, the average CO line width (FWHM about 5.0km/s) is approximately twice as large as for those without detected H_2_O emission, an effect which is independent of the sources' FIR luminosity. However a significant fraction of sources with no detected H_2_O emission still have line widths larger than 1.9km/s, the median value for the quiescent gas not associated with the IRAS sources. The maximum H_2_O maser luminosity at each FIR luminosity is proportional to L_FIR_: L_H_2_O_/Lsun_=10^-7.4^(L_FIR_/Lsun_). In IRAS colour-colour plots, sources can be distinguished in maser-like and non-maser-like sources according to their CO line widths and FIR luminosity. At a given L_FIR_ the maximum T^*^_A_ found for ^12^CO(1-0) decreases with distance from the Sun, likely due to beam filling effects. Few sources with maser emission have T^*^_A_ below 7.5K, when observed with the IRAM 30-m telescope. There is no difference in the maximum T^*^_A_ of sources with maser-like and non-maser-like IRAS colours. We have derived the intrinsic luminosity- and mass distribution of sources with (non)-maser-like IRAS colours, correcting for incompleteness effects at lower luminosities. The slope of the IMF for sources with maser-like colours and mass larger than 10Msun_ is found to be -2.8+/-0.3.

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