Formation of P Cygni Line Profiles in Relativistically Expanding Atmospheres. II. The Effect of the Continuum Frequency Shape and Limb Darkening of the Core

Astronomy and Astrophysics – Astronomy

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Line: Formation, Line: Profiles, Galaxies: Quasars: General, Radiative Transfer, Relativity

Scientific paper

In the framework of the relativistic Sobolev theory for the transfer of line radiation in spherically symmetric expanding atmospheres, we investigate the effect on P Cygni line profiles of the frequency shape of the underlying continuum (a power law), as well as the influence of an eventual limb darkening of the core.
We find that the effects due to limb darkening are small as in the classical limit. On the contrary, the line profiles strongly depend on the power-law index characterizing the continuum shape, even for moderate values of the terminal velocity of the flow. While the absorption part of the line profiles remains essentially unchanged, the emission part may be significantly displaced, enhanced, or lowered up to nearly complete disappearance. The equivalent width of the line profiles clearly depends on the power-law index.
The relevance of these results for interpreting the spectrum of broad absorption line (BAL) QSOs is briefly discussed. Considering values currently estimated for both the terminal velocity of the flow and the power-law index of the continuum, we find that the equivalent width of the emission-line profiles should be significantly smaller than the equivalent width of the absorption profiles, therefore possibly providing us with a natural explanation for the low emission/absorption-line ratios reported in the spectrum of some BAL QSOs.

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