Detailed Studies of Projection Effects, Radio Power Selection Effects, and Key Physical Parameters of Classical Double Radio Sources

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Beam Power, Galaxy Clusters

Scientific paper

A sample of classical double radio sources with redshifts between zero and two was compiled to study the properties of these sources and their gaseous environments. A detailed theoretical investigation of projection effects shows that different derived parameters have different sensitivities to the projection angle /theta, but in general, projection effects are not significant for θsbsp~>60o. Several potential diagnoses of the projection angle are provided by the theoretical studies. Results obtained using one of these methods suggest that the projection angle of Cygnus A is greater than ~40o to 55o, consistent with independent estimates; and the projection angles of other sources in the sample are likely to be greater than 30o to 40o. This is consistent with independent results obtained here by comparing radio galaxies with radio-loud quasars. The data also suggest that low-redshift radio-loud quasars have lower radio surface brightness and non-thermal pressure than radio galaxies, which cannot be explained by pure projection effects. Detailed studies of radio power selection effects suggest that these selection effects are unlikely to be significant for most derived parameters, such as the ambient gas density of the radio source. Results on several key parameters of FRII sources are presented. Studies of the beam power suggest that it remains roughly constant over a source's lifetime. An increase of the beam power with redshift is observed, and it appears that radio power is not an accurate measure of the beam power. Thermal pressures typical of clusters of galaxies are found for the gaseous environments of the FRII sources, which would lead to an appreciable amount of microwave diminution from some of these clusters. The data hint of different pressure gradients at high and low redshift, which may be explained by an increase of cluster core radius with redshift. Preliminary results on the gravitational mass of the surrounding cluster are presented. The redshift evolution of the cluster mass is not well determined. However, the current data do not indicate significant negative evolution of the cluster mass, contrary to what is expected in a high density universe.

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