Proper motions and variability of the H_2 knots in the HH111 and 121 protostellar outflows

Astronomy and Astrophysics – Astronomy

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Circumstellar Matter, Ism: Individual: Hh111, Ism: Individual: Hh121, Ism: Jets And Outflows, Ism: Kinematics And Dynamics, Infrared: Stars

Scientific paper

The proper motions of molecular hydrogen knots in the HH111 and HH121 outflows have been measured. High tangential velocities, in the range 265-461km s^-1, are measured in both flows. These values exceed the dissociation speed limit for molecular hydrogen in shocks, and therefore indicate that the associated shock velocities are much lower than the shock pattern speeds and underlying jet speeds. The data seemingly support a variable flow velocity origin for the knots in the two outflows, though some of the knots could also be caused by Kelvin-Helmholtz instabilities. We also report on the marked variability in morphology and luminosity observed in a number of these knots. A molecular cooling time of the order of a few years is inferred, in line with theoretical predictions based on `typical' jet densities and velocities.

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