Spectral broadening of VLF transmitter signals and sideband structure observed on Aureol 3 satellite at middle latitudes

Statistics – Computation

Scientific paper

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Ionospheric Propagation, Midlatitude Atmosphere, Satellite Transmission, Sidebands, Very Low Frequencies, Atmospheric Electricity, Coherence, Geomagnetism, Ionospheric Disturbances

Scientific paper

The mechanism of the two types of spectral broadening and sideband structure observed in VLF transmitter signals in the midlatitude ionosphere is elucidated. One type consists of spectrally broadened components occurring without any association with ELF/VLF emissions under disturbed ionospheric conditions, while the other consists of spectral broadened components with predominant sideband structure in association with ELF emissions. Bicoherence computation results suggest a nonlinear mode coupling between the transmitter signal and ELF emission which produces sidebands that are quasi-electrostatic in nature. However, faint spectral broadened components in both types 1 and 2 may be connected with a Doppler shift of quasi-electrostatic whistler mode waves with a broad spectrum near the resonance cone due to scattering of the transmitter signals from ionospheric irregularities in the F region.

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