Maximum Quark Core in a Neutron Star for Realistic Equations of State

Astronomy and Astrophysics – Astronomy

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Dense Matter, Elementary Particles, Equation Of State, Stars: Neutron

Scientific paper

For recently developed realistic equations of state (Wiringa, Fiks, & Fabrocini 1988), we establish conditions which the quark matter equation of state should satisfy in order to produce as big a quark core as possible inside neutron stars. We impose constraints that (1) the phase transition to quark matter occurs above nuclear saturation density and (2) the maximum neutron star mass exceeds 1.55 Msun. The quark phase is described phenomenologically by a two-parameter bag model equation of state. The maximum quark core is found for such values of the parameters which admit a continuous phase transition to quark matter. Its size is determined by the transition density which is as yet unknown. The maximum neutron star mass depends only weakly on the transition density but is sensitive to the parameter determining the density dependence of the bag model equation of state. The observational lower limit of 1.55 Msun for the maximum neutron star mass severely limits allowed values of this parameter. We find the parameters of the quark equation of state which correspond to the largest quark core inside a neutron star to be compatible with predictions of quark matter models consistent with empirical hadronic data.

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