Environmental Effects on the Star Formation Rate of Disk Galaxies

Astronomy and Astrophysics – Astrophysics

Scientific paper

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Scientific paper

A simple model is constructed to evaluate the change of star formation rate of a disk galaxy due to environmental effects in clusters of galaxies. Four effects, (1) tidal force from the potential well of a cluster, (2) increase of static pressure when the galaxy plows into the intracluster medium (ICM), (3) high-speed encounters between galaxies, and (4) ram-pressure from the ICM, are investigated. If (1) is the main mechanism of the Butcher-Oemler effect, blue galaxies are expected to be located within ~300 kpc from the center of the cluster. However this prediction is inconsistent with the recent observations. The effect (2) does not change the star formation rate of a disk galaxy significantly. The effect (3) triggers strong star formation activity because of the accumulation of gas in the galaxy center. This may explain starburst galaxies in clusters. The effect (4) can explain color and morphology distributions in clusters.

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