Large-velocity-gradient modelling of Sagittarius B2

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Astronomical Spectroscopy, Molecular Clouds, Radiative Transfer, Velocity Distribution, Acetylene, Carbonyl Compounds, Cyanoacetylene, Electron Transitions, Isocyanates, Molecular Excitation, Optical Thickness

Scientific paper

The authors have systematically applied the uniform large-velocity-gradient(LVG) radiative transfer model to all available molecular line observations of the linear and near-linear species HC3N, HC5N, OCS and HNCO in the molecular cloud Sagittarius B2. Some of the observations of HNCO are previously unpublished. The results strongly suggest that the molecular hydrogen which makes up the bulk of the cloud has a kinetic temperature close to 20K and a density ≥105 molecule cm-3. In general the LVG model is found to be more complicated than necessary in that most of the molecules studied are close to thermal equilibrium under these conditions and are also optically thin due to relatively low abundance. On the other hand the model is inadequate for masing and self-absorbed lines, and fails to fit several observations of HCONH2.

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