Supernovae - The origin of the chemical elements, cosmic rays, neutron stars, and maybe even black holes

Astronomy and Astrophysics – Astronomy

Scientific paper

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Black Holes (Astronomy), Chemical Elements, Cosmic Rays, Neutron Stars, Stellar Evolution, Supernovae, Crab Nebula, Dwarf Stars, Heavy Elements, Interstellar Gas, Main Sequence Stars, Nuclear Fusion, Pulsars, Stellar Mass, Stellar Mass Ejection, Supernova Remnants

Scientific paper

It is shown how a supernova might occur, how a dense remnant such as a neutron star or a black hole might be left behind, and what other phenomena might be related to such an explosion, including the production of cosmic rays and the origin of oxygen and heavier elements. The early evolution of a massive star is discussed together wih its later evolution to a supernova candidate, and the triple-alpha reaction is described. The production of heavy elements in massive stars is considered, ejection of these elements into the interstellar medium by a supernova explosion is discussed, and it is noted that new stars will eventually form from the enriched mixture of elements. Explosive nucleosynthesis is examined together with the evolution of the core of a pre-supernova star, release of cosmic rays in a supernova explosion is described, and the formation of a collapsar in a supernova remnant is outlined.

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