Astronomy and Astrophysics – Astrophysics – General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology
Scientific paper
2009-01-07
Mod. Phys. Lett. A, Vol. 25, No. 19 (2010) pp. 1635-1646
Astronomy and Astrophysics
Astrophysics
General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology
10 pages, minor revision
Scientific paper
In the framework of Kaluza-Klein theory, we investigate a $(4+1)$-dimensional universe consisting of a $(4+1)$ dimensional Robertson-Walker type metric coupled with a $(4+1)$ dimensional energy-momentum tensor. The matter part consists of an energy density together with a pressure subject to 4D part of the $(4+1)$ dimensional energy-momentum tensor. The dark part consists of just a dark pressure $\bar{p}$, corresponding to the extra-dimension endowed by a scalar field, with no element of dark energy. It is shown that the reduced Einstein field equations are free of 4D pressure and are just affected by an effective pressure produced by the 4D energy density and dark pressure. It is then proposed that the expansion of the universe may be controlled by the equation of state in higher dimension rather than four dimensions. This may account for the emergence of unexpected current acceleration in the middle of matter dominant era.
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