Astronomy and Astrophysics – Astrophysics
Scientific paper
1999-07-06
Astronomy and Astrophysics
Astrophysics
LATEX, 38 pages, 16 figures, submitted to Hyperfine Interactions
Scientific paper
10.1023/A:1012694723985
The focus of the present review is the production of the heaviest elements in nature via the r-process. A correct understanding and modeling requires the knowledge of nuclear properties far from stability and a detailed prescription of the astrophysical environment. Experiments at CERN/ISOLDE have played a pioneering role in exploring the characteristics of nuclear structure in terms of masses and beta-decay properties. Initial examinations paid attention to far unstable nuclei with magic neutron numbers related to r-process peaks, while present activities are centered on the evolution of shell effects with the distance from the valley of stability. We first show in site-independent applications the effect of both types of nuclear properties on r-process abundances. Then, we explore the results of calculations related to two different `realistic' astrophysical sites, (i) the supernova neutrino wind and (ii) neutron star mergers. We close with a list of remaining theoretical and experimental challenges needed to overcome for a full understanding of the nature of the r-process, and the role CERN/ISOLDE can play in this process.
Kratz Karl Ludwig
Pfeiffer Bernd
Thielemann Friederich-Karl
Walters William B.
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