On the topology of untrapped surfaces

Details On the topology of untrapped surfaces On the topology of untrapped surfaces

2008-07-11

arxiv.org/abs/0807.1821v3

Class. Quantum Grav. 26 (2009) 055017

Astronomy and Astrophysics

Astrophysics

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology

9 pages, no figures

Scientific paper

10.1088/0264-9381/26/5/055017

Recently a simple proof of the generalizations of Hawking's black hole topology theorem and its application to topological black holes for higher dimensional ($n\geq 4$) spacetimes was given \cite{rnew}. By applying the associated new line of argument it is proven here that strictly stable untrapped surfaces do possess exactly the same topological properties as strictly stable marginally outer trapped surfaces (MOTSs) are known to have. In addition, a quasi-local notion of outwards and inwards pointing spacelike directions--applicable to untrapped and marginally trapped surfaces--is also introduced.

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