Supermassive Black Holes in Galactic Bulges

Astronomy and Astrophysics – Astrophysics

Scientific paper

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5 pages, 2 figures, accepted to be published on MNRAS Letter

Scientific paper

10.1111/j.1745-3933.2008.00552.x

Growing evidence indicate supermassive black holes (SMBHs) in a mass range of $M_{\rm BH}$$\sim 106-10^{10}M_{\odot}$ lurking in central stellar bulges of galaxies.Extensive observations reveal fairly tight power laws of $M_{\rm BH}$ versus the mean stellar velocity dispersion $\sigma$ of the host stellar bulge.Together with evidence for correlations between $M_{\rm BH}$ and other properties of host bulges, the dynamic evolution of a bulge and the formation of a central SMBH should be linked. In this Letter, we reproduce the empirical $M_{\rm BH}-\sigma$ power laws based on our recent theoretical analyses (Lou & Wang; Wang & Lou; Lou, Jiang & Jin) for a self-similar general polytropic quasi-static dynamic evolution of bulges with self-gravity and spherical symmetry and present a sensible criterion of forming a central SMBH. The key result is $M_{\rm BH}={\cal L}\sigma^{1/(1-n)}$ where $2/3

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