Evidence for Cloud Disruption in the L/T Dwarf Transition

Details Evidence for Cloud Disruption in the L/T Dwarf Transition Evidence for Cloud Disruption in the L/T Dwarf Transition

2002-05-03

arxiv.org/abs/astro-ph/0205051v1

Astrophys.J.571:L151-L154,2002

Astronomy and Astrophysics

Astrophysics

12 pages, 3 figures, accepted to ApJ Letters for June 2002

Scientific paper

10.1086/341343

Clouds of metal-bearing condensates play a critical role in shaping the emergent spectral energy distributions of the coolest classes of low-mass stars and brown dwarfs, L and T dwarfs. Because condensate clouds in planetary atmospheres show distinct horizontal structure, we have explored a model for partly cloudy atmospheres in brown dwarfs. Our model successfully reproduces the colors and magnitudes of both L and T dwarfs for the first time, including the unexpected brightning of the early- and mid-type T dwarfs at J-band, provided that clouds are rapidly removed from the photosphere at T_eff ~ 1200 K. The clearing of cloud layers also explains the surprising persistence and strengthening of gaseous FeH bands in early- and mid-type T dwarfs. The breakup of cloud layers is likely driven by convection in the troposphere, analogous to phenomena observed on Jupiter. Our results demonstrate that planetary-like atmospheric dynamics must be considered when examining the evolution of free-floating brown dwarfs.

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