Astronomy and Astrophysics – Astrophysics – General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology
Scientific paper
1999-09-28
Astronomy and Astrophysics
Astrophysics
General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology
31 pages LaTeX, 5 figures, eps and style files included, invited contribution to the conference Beyond the Desert 99, Ringberg
Scientific paper
We review the possibility that quantum fluctuations in the structure of space-time at the Planck scale might be subject to experimental probes. We study the effects of space-time foam in an approach inspired by string theory, in which solitonic D-brane excitations are taken into account when considering the ground state. We model the properties of this medium by analyzing the recoil of a D particle which is induced by the scattering of a closed-string state. We find that this recoil causes an energy-dependent perturbation of the background metric, which in turn induces an energy-dependent refractive index in vacuo, and stochastic fluctuations of the light cone. We show how distant astrophysical sources such as Gamma-Ray Bursters (GRBs) may be used to test this possibility, making an illustrative analysis of GRBs whose redshifts have been measured. Within this framework, we also discuss the propagation of massive particles and the possible appearance of cosmological vacuum energy that relaxes towards zero. We also discuss D-brane recoil in models with `large' extra dimensions.
Ellis John
Mavromatos Nick E.
Nanopoulos Dimitri V.
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